Tree set in Java

In Java, a tree set is a collection that implements the Set interface and uses a tree-like structure to store elements in sorted order. This means that the elements in a tree set are automatically sorted based on their natural ordering (if they implement the Comparable interface)

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The tree set is implemented using a Red-Black tree data structure, which is a self-balancing binary search tree. This means that the tree set is always balanced and maintains a logarithmic time complexity for basic operations like add, remove, and search.

Some key features of a tree set in Java include:

1. Unique elements: Like all Set implementations, a tree set does not allow duplicate elements. If you try to add an element that already exists in the set, the add() method will return false and the set will not be modified.
2. Sorted order: The elements in a tree set are always stored in sorted order, which means that you can easily iterate through the set in a predictable order.
3. Null elements: A tree set does not allow null elements. If you try to add a null element to a tree set, a NullPointerException will be thrown.

Here’s an example of how to create and use a tree set in Java:

import java.util.TreeSet;

public class TreeSetExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // create a tree set of integers
        TreeSet<Integer> numbers = new TreeSet<Integer>();

        // add some elements to the set
        numbers.add(5);
        numbers.add(3);
        numbers.add(8);
        numbers.add(1);

        // iterate through the set in sorted order
        for (int number : numbers) {
            System.out.println(number);
        }
    }
}

In this example, we create a new tree set of integers and add some elements to it. Then, we iterate through the set using a for-each loop, which prints out the elements in sorted order (1, 3, 5, 8).

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